Painted Francolin – A Colorful Gem Among Game Birds
Introduction to the Painted Francolin
The Painted Francolin is one of the most stunning and lesser-known members of the francolin family. Unlike its more familiar relatives, such as the Grey Francolin (Teetar), this bird stands out with its vibrant patterns and rich colors. Native to parts of the Indian subcontinent, it captivates bird enthusiasts, nature lovers, and responsible breeders alike. Though rare in captivity, interest in its conservation and ethical breeding is steadily growing.
Scientific Classification
- Scientific Name: Francolinus pictus
- Common Names: Painted Francolin, Painted Partridge, Rangin Teetar (in Urdu)
- Family: Phasianidae (Pheasant family)
- Native Region: India and parts of southern Pakistan
Distinctive Appearance
The Painted Francolin lives up to its artistic name:
Deep chestnut feathers beautifully marked with black and white patterns
Golden spots along its wings and flanks
Bright orange legs and a compact, upright posture
Size: Approximately 33–35 cm in length
Weight: Around 300–400 grams
Vocalizations and Behavior
Painted Francolins are expressive, especially during early morning and evening hours:
Known for their unique “chee-chak, chee-chak” call
Males vocalize frequently during the breeding season to establish their presence
Their sounds are musical and somewhat sharper compared to other francolins
Natural Habitat and Distribution
These birds are selective about where they live:
Prefer dry grasslands, lightly wooded areas, and farmlands with nearby cover
Thrive in regions with moderate vegetation and access to clean water
Found across central and southern India and parts of Sindh and southern Punjab in Pakistan
Diet and Feeding Habits
The Painted Francolin has a diverse and balanced diet:
Eats seeds, grains, green shoots, and small insects
Actively forages for termites, beetles, and grasshoppers
In supportive care, they do well on a mix of grains (wheat, millet) and fresh vegetables
Access to fresh, clean water is essential for their well-being
Ethical Housing and Environment in Care
Although not commonly kept, these birds can adapt to responsible, ethical care:
Require a spacious, well-ventilated aviary with natural ground material
Prefer warm, dry climates with partial shade and shelter
Cleanliness is vital to prevent infections and promote health
Include natural elements like logs, grasses, and safe perches for enrichment
Breeding and Conservation Awareness
Breeding Painted Francolins requires dedication and respect for their natural behaviors:
Breeding season typically follows spring rains, from April to July
Females lay 6–8 eggs in shallow nests on the ground
Incubation lasts about 18–20 days
Chicks become independent quickly but still benefit from a safe, nurturing environment
Identifying Gender Differences
Males tend to have bolder coloration and more active vocal behavior
Females usually have subtler plumage patterns, aiding in nesting camouflage
Males are often more territorial, especially during the mating season
What Makes the Painted Francolin Unique?
There’s more to this bird than its good looks:
- Exceptional coloring sets it apart from other francolins
- Plays a helpful role in local ecosystems by managing insects
Its rarity in aviculture contributes to its value and fascination
Ethical breeding is key, as wild populations deserve protection
Comparing Painted Francolins With Other Francolin Species
| Feature | Painted Francolin | Grey Francolin | Black Francolin |
|———————-|————————|————————|————————|
| Plumage | Chestnut with gold bars| Grey-brown with stripes| Glossy black and rust |
| Size | 33–35 cm | 30–33 cm | 33–36 cm |
| Availability | Rare in care settings | Common in many regions | Moderate |
| Vocalization | Sharp and musical | Softer and repetitive | Loud and dramatic |
| Recognition | Distinctive appearance | Familiar rural bird | Known for bold calls |
Fascinating Facts About Painted Francolins
The word “pictus” in its scientific name means “painted” in Latin
They rely on camouflage rather than flight when startled- Help naturally control crop pests in rural areas
Often heard before they’re seen, thanks to their calls
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Are Painted Francolins found in Pakistan?
A: Yes, they are occasionally spotted in grasslands and farmland areas of Sindh and southern Punjab, though they remain uncommon.
Q2: Can Painted Francolins be cared for at home?
A: With the right conditions and ethical practices, experienced aviculturists may care for them. However, their specialized needs make them better suited to conservation-focused settings.
Q3: How much does a Painted Francolin cost?
A: Due to its rarity, a pair may range from PKR 10,000 to 25,000. Prices depend on health, source, and availability.
Q4: How does this species differ from the Grey Francolin?
A: Painted Francolins have more vivid coloring and a unique call. Grey Francolins are more widely found and familiar in rural areas.
Q5: Is it legal to keep Painted Francolins?
A: Regulations vary by region. It’s important to follow local wildlife and conservation laws. Always ensure birds are sourced ethically and not taken from the wild.
Conclusion – Celebrating the Painted Francolin
The Painted Francolin is a true wonder of the avian world. With its breathtaking plumage, musical voice, and unique personality, it brings joy and inspiration to everyone who encounters it. Whether in the wild or cared for ethically in protected spaces, this bird reminds us of the importance of biodiversity and the need to conserve our natural treasures. 
